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Notes on the Troubleshooting and Repair of Video Cassette Recorders. Copyright © 1. 99. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction of this document in whole or in part is permitted if both of the. This notice is included in its entirety at the beginning. There is no charge except to cover the costs of copying. Working on VCRs entails a number of personal risks. We will not be responsible for damage to equipment, your ego, county wide. Back to VCR Repair FAQ Table of Contents. Think back past 2. You went to the theater to see a movie. You watched. TV programs when they were broadcast (there was no cable, remember?) or you. TV studios and industry had video recording equipment but it was. Little did you realize at the time, but after. Are. we better off? Whatever you decide, there is no going back. You may be able. to leave your VCR's clock flashing 1. The video cassette recorder is a wonderful example of extremely complex. In general, it is usually quite reliable. Treat a modern VCR with a bit. Unlike a TV where the power circuits take their toll on circuit components. VCR are generally quite reliable and rarely fail. Most. VCR problems are mechanical - dirt and dust in the tape path, deteriorated. This document was developed specifically for the troubleshooting and repair. VCRs using the VHS format. However, most of it also applies to. Beta, 8 mm, 4 mm (DAT), and the industrial U- Matic formats as well. The. basic tape related problems found in camcorders are also likely to be similar. VCRs. However, due to the miniaturization and. Note: Links to all the diagrams and photographs referenced from this document. Sam's VCR FAQ Files. Note: for VCR emergencies that just cannot wait, the solution may be found. VCR First Aid and you may not need. VCR First Aid deals with the half. VCR problems that may tempt you to throw something through. Even if you are a technoklutz who lets your kids change the light bulbs in your. VCR, some basic awareness of the principles of video. You will be more likely to. For example, did you know that one of the. VCR - can often be remedied by. This document will provide you with the knowledge to deal with over 8. VCRs. It will enable you to. First and foremost. VCRs. With minor exceptions, specific manufacturers and models. Rather, the most common problems. In many cases, you will be able to do what is required. Should you still not be able to find a solution, you will have learned a great. It will also be easier to do. In any case, you will have the satisfaction of knowing you. With your new- found knowledge, you will have the upper hand and will not. While VCRs with new convenience features are constantly introduced, the. Back to VCR Repair FAQ Table of Contents. Introduction Entertainment - then and now Think back past 25 years. You went to the theater to see a movie. I have a SONY WEGA TV with the 3 blink problem, wont turn - Answered by a verified TV Technician. Resources for Vintage Stereo / Audio-Video Repair / Restoration of Vintage & Modern Stereo / Audio equipment, Pro-Audio, VCR's, Turntables, Reel-Reels, MORE.Even the introduction of HQ about 1. Therefore, unless you really do need a quick start transport. The older VCRs are built much more solidly than the $1. Even high- end VCRs may be built around a poorly designed transport. Many older VCRs - for example 1. Panasonic. models (and their clones) can be kept functional - nearly indefinitely. The consensus of those in the business is. VCRs are built to last through the warranty and then. However. there are still millions of middle age to older VCRs out there whose life. If you buy a $7. 9. K- Mart special, you get what you pay for. Don't expect it to last more than a. However, if you have something that is a few years old, it may be. As already noted, newer VCRs don't. If you need to send or take the VCR to a service center, even a simple repair. VCR. Service centers. If you can do the repairs yourself, the equation changes dramatically as. The educational aspects may also be. You will learn a lot in the process. Thus, it may make sense. VCR or you will. have a convenient means of copying tapes (legally, of course). BTW, if you ARE one of those individuals (and there are bucket loads) who. VCR, there is a. solution - at least the next time you need to purchase a new VCR. These. machines search for a TV station that includes the time code in its. VCR's clock from that information. There - no. more flashing 1. Many VCRs have this feature nowadays. Back to VCR Repair FAQ Table of Contents. Video Recording Technology. Modern VCRs - both consumer and professional - are based on what is known. The main technological challenge that confronted. MHz - to faithfully capture the high frequency video. The first such machines ran normal audio tape past stationary. Needless to say, the mechanisms were complex. If anything - anything at all - went. An alternative technology was clearly needed. Prior to practical video tape recording, the only way to preserve a TV. The quality of such recordings was not very good, editing. The first successful commercial video tape recorder was introduced around 1. Ampex Quadplex - a $5. This event. revolutionized commercial broadcasting. However, this technology was much too. For a consumer video tape recorder to be successful it was felt that the. Tape loading had to be simple and foolproof using a cassette - none of. A cassette had to hold at least an hour of color video. The cost to the consumer had to be less than $1. The rotating heads of the Quadplex machine provided the needed. However, the transport. Another disadvantage. While this would not be. Finally, the 2 inch wide format required too much tape for achieving. A separate room would be needed to house a. Helical scan overcomes most of these problems. See. Helical Scan Video Head Assembly. Rather than. scanning across the tape, the tape is wrapped a bit over 1. Thus, successive tracks are written. Quadplex. The tape, therefore can be rather narrow. The first. helical scan tapes used a 1 inch format but narrower tape soon followed. The most common formats today are forms of VHS (and Beta) at 1/2", and 8 mm. DAT) as well as data storage. Most of the following discussion unless otherwise noted applies to the VHS. Beta, which preceded VHS into the marketplace and which has all. VCRs is actually a somewhat better system. Physical tape format is. VHS but differs in the details. However, Sony's licensing. Beta made it inevitable that VHS would triumph. Too bad in some ways. The 8 mm format, used mostly. Each VHS track corresponds to 1 field of the interlaced video format. See. VHS Tape Format. Generally, two heads opposite each. One rotation of the drum. A and B for the. even and odd fields respectively. What this also provides is the ability to. With relatively minor restriction, this. For a not too terrible ASCII diagram and additional discussion, also see the. VHS physical tape format. Camcorders and other compact systems may use 2 pairs of identical heads. Physically, there are 4 heads spaced equally around a drum 2/3rds the size. VHS drum. However, successive head in the sequence is 2. In other woeds, if the heads are numbered 1,2,3,4, they are. This permits the use of a smaller, lighter. The A and B heads are not identical either. Their azimuth angle differs. See. VHS Video Head Pair Azimuth Angles. This is one of. several techniques used to minimize crosstalk between adjacent tracks. Azimuth angle is how far the head gap is from being perfectly perpendicular. For example, a head with an azimuth such. Note that the head gap - the distance between pole pieces - is on the order. As a point of reference, a human red blood. The gap is filled with a nonmagnetic material. This remarkably. fine spacing is necessary to achieve the multimegahertz video bandwidth. Actual tape motion for a VCR is remarkably slow. To someone familiar with. VCR even at SP speed (the fastest) seems to. Their first reaction is often one of: "there must be. Nope, just amazing. The SP speed of a VHS VCR corresponds to a linear. EP speed is 1/3 of this - 7/1. However, the effective. The luminance (Y) and color (C) components of the composite video signal are. Luminance, which is in effect the black and white. MHz. The deviation is. Mhz and the maximum frequency recorded on a VHS tape is a little. Mhz (Beta is slightly different and S versions of Beta and VHS. The color signal. Hz carrier. This is called the "color under' system. Some claim. that the "U" in "U- Matic", a very popular industrial VCR 3/4" format. Beta and VHS and is still in use) stands for this. However. Sony History, Chapter 1: The Video Cassette Tape says the "U" was. U- shaped tape loading path. I won't take. Sound for the VHS format is not merged into the video signal on the tape. For non- Hi. Fi VHS VCRs, a separate stationary tape head is responsible for. Due to the very slow tape speed, audio quality is not. SP speed. VHS. Hi. Fi overcomes this by FM recording of the audio signal deep in the tape. |
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